?????? ??????
?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????.
???????
????? ??????? | ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????
???? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????.
????? ??????? | ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????
???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????.
????? ??????? | ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????? ???? ????????? ?????? 2024
30 ?????? 2024
?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? 2024: ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? 2030? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????.
UNFCC | ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? 2024
28 ?????? 2024
???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? 2024? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? (????????? ??????? ?????? ?? NDCs) ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? 2030? ?? ??? ?????? ????. ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2025? ???? ????? ??? 2024 ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? 2023? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? - ??? ????? ???? ????.
????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? 2023
7 ?????? 2024
??? ??? 2023 ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? 2023 ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????????. ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? 2023 ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????.
????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? | ?????? ???????? ???????? ¨C ???????? ??????? 2024
1 ?????? 2024
???? ??? 2023 ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? 13.7 ????? ?? ??? 2022 ??? 16.2 ?????? ????? ?????? "?????? ???????? ???????? - ???????? ??????? 2024" ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (IRENA) ?????? ????? ??????? (ILO). ???? ?????? ????? 18 ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????. ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????.
????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? 2024
25 ?????? 2024
??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? 2030 ??? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? 1.4 ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? 2024. ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 2025.
?????????????? ??????? ????? ??????? | ????? ????? ???????: ????? ????????? ?????? ???? 2024
23 ?????? 2024
?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????: ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ?????? 2023? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? Forward Faster? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? 2030. ???? ????? ????????? ?????? Forward Faster 2024 ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? 1700 ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? 2030.
?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? | ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????: ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????
26 ????? 2024
???? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? 194 ?????? ????? ?????. ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???: (?) ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? (?) ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? (?) ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ?(?) ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????.
????? ????? ??????? | ??????? ?? ?????: ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????
25 ????? 2024
??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? "??????? ?? ?????: ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????" ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? "????????" ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????.
????? ??????? ???????? | ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? 2024
24 ????? 2024
???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? 2024 ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? 2030. ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? | ??????? ???? 2024 ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????
16 ????? 2024
?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???. ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? - ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????
15 ????? 2024
?? ????? ? "??????? ???? ????? - ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????"? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???. ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????.
????? ??????? ???????? | ?????? ??????? 2024-2033
2 ????? 2024
???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? 2024-2033 ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????-19 ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ???????? | ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 2024
20 ????? 2024
???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 2024? ?? 80 ?? ?????? - ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? - ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? - 86 ?? ?????? - ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ???? ??? ???? ?? 73000 ??? ??????? 87 ??? ?????? ?? 77 ???? 15 ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????.
???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? | ????? ????????? ???????? 2024
13 ????? 2024
????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? 2024 ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? 2023 ?2024. ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????. ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????.
| ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????: ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? 2024
12 ????? 2024
????? ????? "???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????: ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????" ???? 2024 ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????.
??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ??????? ?? ??????
21 ???? 2024
???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? Global Land Outlook (GLO) ?? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????. ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (IYRP) ?? ??? 2026? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????.
???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? | ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????
17 ???? 2024
??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????.
???????? | ??????? ??????? ?? ???
3 ???? 2024
??? ??????? ?????? "??????? ??????? ?? ???"? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? 749 ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? 2009-2023. ???? ???? ?? 300 ???? ??? ???? 2019 ?2023 - ?????? ????? 42? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? (2014-2018).
????? ????? ??????? | ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????
22 ????? 2024
?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? "????" ?? ??????? ???? ?? 70% ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????.
????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2024 | REN21 | ???? ?????? ?????? ????????
4 ????? 2024
????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? 2024? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????.
UNDOC | ????? ???? ??????: ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????
2 ????? 2024
"Turning the Tide" ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? Unwaste ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? . ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ??? ?????? 2024
27 ???? 2024
?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? 2024. ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????????
6 ???? 2024
????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? 2050. ???? ??? ?? ??? 2022? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? 37 ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? 10 ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ???? ???????? ?? ?????? 132 ???????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????.
?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? | ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????: ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????????
6 ???? 2024
????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? "??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????????". ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???????.
????? ??????? ???????? | ????? ?????? ??????
5 ???? 2024
???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????: ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????. ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? 8% ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?3% ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? 37 ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?16 ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ?????? ??????? ???????? 2024
1 ???? 2024
???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? 2024 ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 2030 ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??? 2019. ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? 2060 ????? 60? ?? ??????? ??? 2020 - ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? 2024: "?? ??? ??? ????????: ????? ??????? ??? ????"
28 ?????? 2024
???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???? 2024 ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? (GWMO 2024) ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? 2018. ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? | ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????: ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????
23 ?????? 2024
??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? 70 ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? (NDCs) ? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?CCAC | ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????: ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????: ?????? ?????? ????????
22 ?????? 2024
???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????????
8 ?????? 2023
?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????. ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? "?? ???? ??????" ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? 2023
5 ?????? 2023
???? ????? Global Cooling Watch 2023 ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? 192 ????. ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????.
???? ????? ??????? ?????? | ??????? ???????? ???????: ????? ???? ?????
4 ?????? 2023
????? ??? 2050? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? 158 ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? 236 ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? "??????? ???????? ???????: ???? ???". ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? (???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????) ?????? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????.
UNDRR | ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2023
3 ?????? 2023
???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? 2023 ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? 2015? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????
14 ?????? 2023
??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? 1.5 ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? (NDCs - ??? ????? ??????? ???????) ?? 195 ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? 20 ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? 25 ?????? 2023.
????????? | ????? ???? ???? ?????
13 ?????? 2023
?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????. ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??????. ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? - ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ??????? 2023
8 ?????? 2023
???? ????? ???? ??????? - ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?E3G? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? - ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????. ??? ????? ??? 2023 ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? 110? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? 2030 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1.5 ???? ?????? ? 69? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? 2 ???? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????? 2023
2 ?????? 2023
????? ? ???? ??? ????? "??? ??????? ???? ????????? - ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????"? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? 2023
2 ?????? 2023
???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????.
????????? | ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????
06 ?????? 2023
????? ??? ?? ???? 43.1 ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? - ??? ?? ????? ????? 20 ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? - 95 ?? ?????? - ?????? ?????????? ????????. ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ? ????? ???? ???? ????? 3.2 ????? ??? ?? ???. ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? 96 ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????
04 ?????? 2023
???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????. ????? ???????? ???? 180 ????? ?44 ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????
08 ?????? 2023
???? ??? ? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????: ?????? ????? ???? 2023
27 ????? 2023
????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? 2017 ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????????. ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???.
????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? (GAR 2023)
11 ????? 2023
????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? (GAR 2023) ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???. ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????.
???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????: ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? 2023
6 ????? 2023
????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? - ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? - ?? 26.3? ?? ??? 2019 ??? 28.2? ?? ??? 2020? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ????? 268 ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 2021 - ?????? ????? 9.8? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? (1970-2021)
23 ???? 2023
????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? 11778 ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? 1970 ?2021? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? 2 ????? ???? ???? ?4.3 ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????. ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ?? 90 ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????
9 ????? 2023
???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? 99 ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? 0.5 ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? 2100? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????????????? (HFCs)? ??? ????? ????? ????. ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????????? (SAI). ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????
17 ?????? 2022
????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? 500 ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? 4% ?? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ?????? ?? ???? 2021
14 ?????? 2022
???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? 2021 ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????. ?? ??? 2021 ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? 35.6 ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? 50 ????? ???.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? 2022
2 ?????? 2022
???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????
7 ?????? 2022
????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? 2023 ?2027 ????? 3.1 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????. ????? ??? ?????? ??? 6% ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 50 ????? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????? 2022
3 ?????? 2022
?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
16 ?????? 2022
????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? 1.5 ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? 193 ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? 2.5 ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ????? 10.6? ????? ??? 2030? ?????? ???????? ??? 2010 - ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? 13.7? ????? ??? 2030 - ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? 45? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? 1.5 ???? ?????.
???????? | ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????: ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????
25 ?????? 2022
????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? 559 ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? 4.5 ?? ???? ??????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? 624 ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? - ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ????.
???? ????? ?????? ?????????/??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? | ??????? ???????: ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????
10 ?????? 2022
?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????. ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ????? ?????? ???? 2022: ??????
11 ?????? 2022
?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????. ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????.
UNDRR | ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????
13 ?????? 2022
????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????.
UNU-EHS | ????? ??????? ?????????
18 ?????? 2022
?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????.
????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? | ?????? ???????? ????????: ???????? ??????? 2022
22 ?????? 2022
???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????.
REN21 | ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2022
15 ????? 2022
??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? 2021? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? REN21.
????? ????? ???????? | ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????
3 ????? 2022
???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????.
??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? | ?????? ??????? ????????
27 ????? 2022
??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????? - ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? - ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????.
UNDRR | ?????? ?? ???
26 ????? 2022
??? ????? ????? ?????-19 ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? 2020
16 ????? 2021
???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????-19. ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? 2020
10 ?????? 2021
???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? 2020. ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????-19 ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????. ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????? 2021: ??????? ????????
1 ?????? 2021
????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? 140-300 ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? 2030 ?280-500 ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? 2050 ??????? ????? ??????? ???. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ???????? | ????? ?????: ???? ?????? ???????
21 ?????? 2021
?? ???? "???????" ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? . ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ????????. ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????. ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? | ???? ?????? ?? ???? 2020
26 ?????? 2021
????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? 2020 ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????-19? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????????? 2021: ??????? ??? ?????
26 ?????? 2021
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??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????: ????? ????? ?? ???????
25 ?????? 2021
???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? 2021. ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????. ??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? 165 ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? 192 ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? 116 ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? 143 ???? ?? 12 ??????/????? ????? 2021. ???????? ???? ??????? ??? 143? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? 9 ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? 2010 ????? ??? 2030. ??? ???? ????? 71 ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? 88 ?? ?????? ?? ??? 2050 ?????? ???? 2019. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? 192? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? 16 ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??? 2030 ?????? ???? 2010. ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? 2.7 ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? | ????? ???? ??????? ???? 2021
20 ?????? 2021
??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? 2021 ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? 2030 ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1.5 ???? ?????. ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? 2040 ??? ?????. ???? ????? ?? 15 ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????. ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? 1.5 ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????.
????? ????? ???????? | ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????
11 ?????? 2021
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5 ?????? 2021
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??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????: ????? ?????????
22 ?????? 2021
????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? 2030 ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? 1.5 ???? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????: ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
17 ?????? 2021
????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? 1.5 ???? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? 191 ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? 86 ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? 113 ????. ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? 49 ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????. ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? 12? ?? ??? 2030 ?????? ???? 2010. ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? 45 ?? ?????? ?? ??? 2030 ??????? ???????? ???? 1.5 ????. ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? 191 ???? ????? ????? ????? 16 ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? 2030. ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? 2.7 ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? (1970 - 2019)
31 ????? 2021
??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? 115 ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? 202 ????? ????? ??????. ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? 11000 ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? 3.64 ??????? ?????. ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? 50 ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??? 91 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ???? 10 ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??????????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2017 ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? 10 ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????.
????????? | ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????
20 ????? 2021
???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? 33 ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????. ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????.
??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? 2021
8 ????? 2021
?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? 23000 ???? ????? 162 ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????????. ??? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????????. ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? 10 ????? ???????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? 40? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????.
??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? | ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????
30 ????? 2021
????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? 122 ??????? ????? ??? 2050. ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? 2.4 ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????????. ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????. ????????? ?????? ?????? 4.4 ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????.
????? ??????? | ????? ??? ?? ?????? 2021
17 ????? 2021
???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????. ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????. ????? ????? ??????? ???? 2021 ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????.
REN21 | ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2021
15 ????? 2021
??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? 2020 ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????-19? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? 4 ?? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???????. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2021 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????. ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????.
??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? | ???? ???? ???????
10 ????? 2021
????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? 1.5 ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????. ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????. ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????: ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ??? ??? 2020 ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? 2015-2019. ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????.
??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? | ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????: ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? 2021
6 ????? 2021
?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? 2030 ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? COVID-19 ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? 30 ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? 660 ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 2030. ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????. ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???? 14 ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? 2018. ???? 20 ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????.
????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ??????? ???????
6 ???? 2021
????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? 2021 ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? 45 ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? 0.3 ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? 2045. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????? (?????? ???????)? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? 45 ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? 260 ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?775 ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?73 ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?25 ????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ??????. ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????: ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????. ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
REN21 | ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? 2021
18 ???? 2021
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
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? | ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????
10 ???? 2021
??? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????. ???? ????? ???? ?? 18% ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? 50 ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? "????". ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? 368 ????? ????? ?? ?????? 14.4 ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? 2020. ????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ??? ?????? 2021
4 ???? 2021
???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? 10 ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ???. ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????. ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????
3 ???? 2021
????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2021. ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? 1.5 ???? ?????. ????? ?? 75 ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? - ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? - ???? ????? 30 ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? 1 ?? ?????? ????? ??? 2030 ?????? ???????? ??? 2010. ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? 45 ?? ??????.
????? ????? ??? ????? | ????? ??????
6 ????? 2021
?? ?????? ??? ???????: ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????. ??????? ??????? ???? 338 ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????? 25 ?? ?????? ??? ??? 2015. ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1.5 ???? ?????. ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? 2020 ??????? ?????: ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????: ?????? ????? ???? 2020
26 ????? 2021
???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ?? ??? 2017? ?? ??? 884 ???? ?? 24 ????. ?????? ????? 2020? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? 1550 ???? ?? 38 ????. ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???. ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? "??????? ?????? ???????".
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????? 2020
14 ????? 2021
?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? 2020 ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????????? 2020
9 ?????? 2020
?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? 2020. ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? 25% ????? ??? 2030? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ???????
2 ?????? 2020
????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? 6% ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? 2%. ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ?????-19 ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? "???" ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????.
????? ??????? | ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? 2019
11 ?????? 2020
??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??????/????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????: ??? ?????????? ????? 45% ????? ??? 2030 ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? 2050. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 2020? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????.
????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????????? 2019
26 ?????? 2019
?? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????.
?????? ????? ??????? ???????? | ????? ???????? ????????
18 ?????? 2019
???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? 2014 ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? - ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? NDCs. ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? 23 ??????.
?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? | ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??????
24 ?????? 2019
????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????.
???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? - ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? 2015. ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????.
??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? | ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? 2019
9 ????? 2019
?? ????? ????? "??????? ????? ??????? ??????" ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? 2020.
?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? | ???? ?????? ??????
8 ????? 2019
?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????.
????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (COP14) ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????/?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? (COP25) ?? ????????? ????? ?? ??????/????? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ?????????? 2018
10 ????? 2019
?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????? - ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? 2030? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??? 2 ???? ????? / 1.5 ???? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????.
?????? ?????? ??????
2018
?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????. ?? ???? ?? 26 ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?????? 2024
28 ?????? 2024
??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? 30% ?? ????? ????? ??? 2030 ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? 2024. ???? ?? 17.6% ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?8.4% ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????.
????? ??????? ???????? | ???? ??????? ?? ?????? 2024
22 ????? 2024
???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????.
CMS | ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????
12 ?????? 2024
????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????. ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????.
??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? 2023
1 ?????? 2023
????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? "?????? ???????"? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????.
??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? | ?????? ????????
9 ???? 2022
?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????: ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????. ???? ??? 1970? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? 50% ?? ???? ??????? ?45% ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????. ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ??????
17 ?????? 2022
????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????????.
????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????
2 ???? 2022
?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????/?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? | ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????: ????? 2020
5 ?????? 2021
???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ??? ?? 25 ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? 2.7 ??????? ????? ??????. ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????. ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? 40 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? 2 ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? 12000 ???? ??? ??????.
????? ?????? | ????? ?????????? ????? ???????
30 ????? 2021
????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? 2.7 ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? 2030. ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????. ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? 9.7 ?? ?????? ?6.5 ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????. ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???.
IPBES ?IPCC | ?????? ????????? ????? ??????
9 ????? 2021
??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ???? ?? 50 ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? (IPBES) ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? (IPCC). ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????. ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?? ???????
18 ?????? 2021
????? ???? "??? ?????? ?? ???????" ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????. ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? 2030 ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? 2050? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????. ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????-19 ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????.
CBD | ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? 5
18 ????? 2020
???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????. ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? "????? ????????" ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ?????? ?????? ????????
4 ???? 2019
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? (2019) ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????.
??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? 2050.
????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? 2024
1 ?????? 2024
???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? 2024 ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? 2050. ????? ????????? ??????? ?? 122 ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? 2024 ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
??????? ??????? ????? ??????? | ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????
26 ?????? 2024
"????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????: ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????"? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? | ????? ???????: ??? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????
24 ?????? 2024
??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? 300 ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? 600 ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? 2050. ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????. ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??????.
????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? 2024
16 ???? 2024
????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? 2024? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? 2024. ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???. ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????.
???????????? ????? ??????? ????????? 2024
9 ????? 2024
?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ?????-19? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
DESA | ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? 2024
4 ????? 2024
????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? 2024 ????? ????? ??????? ?? 2.7% ?? ??? 2023 ??? 2.4% ?? ??? 2024. ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? 2023? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????.
????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ??????? ???????
9 ?????? 2023
????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? 7 ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? - ?? ?? ????? ????? 7 ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ?? ??? 2022? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? 200 ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? 30 ???. ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? 7 ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? 2022
1 ?????? 2022
????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ????????? "????????" ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??? .
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????
26 ????? 2022
?? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? 285 ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? 2050 ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? 120 ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? 2? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? 120 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? 2020. ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? 14 ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
????? ?????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????
9 ????? 2021
????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ?????-19 ???? ??????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ??????? ???? "????? ?????? ???? ????" ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????. ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????.
?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? 100 ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????
9 ?????? 2020
?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?? 100 ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????-19? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????.
???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????
8 ?????? 2020
???? ????? ???? ??? ???? 38 ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ???? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????????. ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
21 ?????? 2023
?????? ????? Greening the Blue ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????. ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? 2022? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ?? 308000 ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????. ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
14 ?????? 2022
???? ????? 2022 ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? 2021. ????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? 2021 ??? 307000 ???? ?? 53 ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????. ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? 2021? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????
9 ???? 2022
???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
8 ?????? 2021
?? ????? ??? 2021 ?? ????? Greening the Blue ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????-19 ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 2020 ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? 25 ?? ?????? ?????? ???? 2019? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????. ?? ??? 2020? ??? 19 ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????. ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? 99 ?? ?????? ?? ??????????. ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? | ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
10 ?????? 2020
????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????. ????? ????? Greening the Blue 2020 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? 60 ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?310 ???? ????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????.