??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? 17 ?????/??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? – ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? 2100: ????? 11 ????? ???.

??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? 2019? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????.

???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? "???? ???" – ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????. ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????. ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????.

????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????


????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????.

?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? 2027. ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? 2050 (????? ????? ??? ??? 99%).

??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? (46%) ????????? ?????????? (28%) ???? ????? ???? (25%)? ????? 56% ?? ?????????? (??????? ???? ???????? ??????????)? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? (18%)? ??? ????? ??? ???? (3%)? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (2%).

???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????


???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? – ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? 2019 ??? 2.5 ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? 3.2 ??? 1990 – ?????? ???????? ??? 2050 ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? 2.2 ????? ??? ?????.

?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????: ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? (4.6 ????? ??? ?????)? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? (3.4 ?????)? ???? ??????? ???? ???? (2.9 ?????) ???? ????? ???? (2.4 ?????).

????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? 2.1 ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????.

???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????. ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? "??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????" ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????.

??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????: ???? ????? ????? ?????????


??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? (25-64 ???). ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????. ?????????? ?? ??? "?????? ???????????" ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????.

???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? 7 ????? ?? ??????? ???????


???? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? (?? 64.2 ???? ??? 1990 ??? 72.6 ???? ??? 2019? ?? ??? 77.1 ???? ?? ??? 2050) ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? 7.4 ????? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????.

????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? 65 ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????. ?????? ??? 2050? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? 65 ???? ?? ???? (??? 2018) ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????.

????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 65? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????.

??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????


???? 27 ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? 2010? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????. ??? ???? 2019 ? 2050? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? 55 ???? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????????????? 31.4 ?????? ?? ????? 2.2%.

?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????


????? ??????? ?? 14 ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? 2010 ?2020.? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? (???????? ?????? ????????) ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? (??????? ?????? ????????).

????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????.

?????? : ????? ????? ???????