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1C40 Cities, ¡°Restoring the flow¡±, 2020. URL: (§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ ¨C 13 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ). 

2Hessam Tavakol-Davani and others, "How does climate change affect combined sewer overflow in a system benefiting from rainwater harvesting systems?", Sustainable Cities and Society, Vol 27 (July 2016), p.p. 430-438.
URL: .

3§®§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ ?§°§°§¯ ¨C §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í?, ?§ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§Ñ?, §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ (§¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§Ñ, §â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §à§ä §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2019 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ). URL: .

4International Union for Conservation of Nature, "Peatlands and climate change", Issues Brief (Gland, November 2017). URL: ).

5Global Mangrove Alliance and others, "Coastal wetlands and mangroves: a natural climate solution pathway to climate change", A joint submission to the Talanoa Dialogue (2018). URL: .

6United Nations Environment Programme, "UNEP, IUCN to launch new € 20m programme on ecosystem-based adaptations", Press release Ecosystems and biodiversity (Nairobi, 21 January 2020).
URL: .

7Greta C. Dargie and others, "Age, extent and carbon storage of the central Congo Basin peatland complex",  Nature, vol. 2, No. 542 (7639) (2017), pp. 86-90.
URL: .

8Sandra Naumann and others, ¡°Nature-based approaches for climate change mitigation and adaptation. The challenges of climate change - partnering with nature¡± (Bonn, German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, 2014).
URL: .

9United Nations World Water Assessment Programme and UN-Water, The United Nations World Water Development Report 2018: Nature-Based Solutions for Water (Paris, UNESCO, 2018).
URL: .

10United Nations World Water Assessment Programme and UN-Water, The United Nations World Water Development Report 2020: Water and Climate Change (Paris, UNESCO, 2020). URL: .

11Global Water Partnership, ¡°Accelerating IWRM monitoring and implementation in 60+countries¡±, 11 March 2020. URL: .

12Global Water Partnership and Overseas Development Institute, The Untold Story of Water in Climate Adaptation, Part II: 15 Countries Speak, Synthesis Report (Stockholm, Global Water Partnership, 2019).
URL: .

13§¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§å§ð §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à §£§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Þ §Õ§ß§Ö §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §ã§Þ. §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§Ò-§ã§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §®§Ö§ç§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ ?§°§°§¯ - §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í?: .

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